Archiwa Active listening - Marcin Kryński's blog

4 Outline the competencies that are required to use counselling skills within an ethical framework. (AC 2.2)

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Real interest in other individuals. General interest in people and helpful attitude.

A non-judgemental approach. Patients should be convinced that any shared behaviour or information will not be judged or criticised. The competencies of the counsellor are to adjust and manage their responses in a polite way.

Acceptance. Is essential thus counsellor provide unconditional positive regard. Each patient must be accepted and respected for who they are. Acceptance is circled no matter of positive or negative emotions or thoughts shared.

Active listening. Counsellors should encourage individuals to keep talking. The active listening congruent individual that they are understood and their thoughts are clearly expressed.

Communication skills. It is a wide batch of skills where the main recipe for success is questioning skills as well as summarising. In addition, reading body language is important.

Empathy. The ability to be in somebody else skin is important thus, it helps to not just understand the individual point but to melt with it. For some sensitive counsellors, it may be a potential threat to their well being. However, this competence should be on top of the counsellor list.

Flexibility. As an ability to adjust to specific customer requirements and/or attitudes. Counsellors need to bear in mind that a universal approach to every single customer does not exist. Moreover, that approach should be prepared and suited to individual skin. Flexibility as a competency is important thus behavioural twins do not exist in our reality.

Multi-culti competency. Counsellors should be conscious of different cultural backgrounds and attitudes presented in those cultures. Therapists should also recognise the limitation of cultural constraints and know what is acceptable and what is not.

Problem-solving. Tools and skills to find an effective solution in every situation should be available in counsellors toolbox as first aid to individuals. Problem-solving skills may be transferable if we decide to learn individuals how may use them to resolve their own cases.

Rapport-building skills. Building rapport is paramount to maintain trust and help relationships to thrive. Lack of rapport will lead to failure. These kinds of competency seem not to be easily achieved but it is highly desirable.

Competency to maintain resilience patience and humility. Each professionalist works intensively with individual thoughts and emotions that may be under the intensive influence. Being emotionally resilient is important to understand own limits and own capability.

Understanding confidentiality and professional boundaries. Counsellors need to observe ethical rules to not reach legal constraints of relationships. Counsellors should not project their self projections to customers and do not influence individuals’ decisions.

Self-awareness is the competency that helps counsellors to ensure that their own biases, attitudes, beliefs, etc can be maintained with the usage of counselling skills. Self-awareness helps to identify strengths as well as weaknesses areas for further development.

Counselling

5 Describe ways that you have integrated counselling skills into an interactive process. (AC 4.1)

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Egan’s Skilled Helper Model is useful to aid and may be used on every single stage of the conversation. There is some leading question however the meritum of conversation is to recognise customer issue and successfully resolve the particular case. Counselling skills are adopted in many ways. The interactive process is the process of collaboration between individuals with coaches. Therefore, it can not be dry rather must be established on the friendly relationship. Under the current pandemic scenario probably we will not have a chance to work with our customers face to face from the first meeting. It seems to be very important to use our voice as attractiveness to customers. The chance that we will counselling the customer by typing text on a keyboard is currently relatively low. Firstly, I will demonstrate friendly approaches to each individual. The first contact on the phone seems to be normal practice.

With each singular case we can work according to Egan’s Skilled Helper Model. Active listening is the most important factor to establish a report.

According to Question 4 the process is divided into three main stages.

Stage 1

In progress of session with customer I will ask paraphrase individual words to convince them that I perfectly understand the sense of their words. I will ask questions about emotion experienced with the event. I will ask about additional details about other people or details of place. I would like to put a patient into a situation and become an active member of past to visualise condition as perfectly as I can with my customer. So I will ask questions like. What was that like? What whether condition was there? I will refer also to time perception of events when it is appropriate. I will ask multi question to clarifying. I will convince a customer to reflect on occurrences with open questions. Finally we will summarising the event to establish perspective and assess the impact of situation. After summarising we will move to challenging the individual. We will try to find different perspective to and examine past occurences from different perspective. For example. The question, How other person think about situation is important. We will try to distance patient from past occurences by asking how other react or think. It will help to separate customer ego from emotional event. Therfore, help to lower emotional reaction to situation. In this stage we should challenge all negative thoughts or belives associated with situation. We also should put prospect attation to indify the ingriedients of situation that influencall role was the strongest. We whould supportivlly explore all patterns and connection and encourage customer with positive regards about his/her strengths. After figure out of main issues. We can focus on those areas and prioritasing it. We may ask a question like. What was the most important for you in all of this? If we know what we dealing with we may move to brainstorm ideas. We should strongly encourage customer to elaborate about possible solutions thus, those are unconsciously the best solutions. On this stage the best question is from category. If you will have a magic wound to change everything what it will be like? If miracle happened what your live will look like? Visualization and exploring positive outcomes on many different instances will provide positive feedback to introduce changes in reality. We moved now to identifying goals to work out. Leading question like; What is your goal? As well as providing realistic feedback to solution will be helpful to build correct ation plan. Goals should be realistic and achievable. What are the benefits of this action?, What are long term lasting effect of this action? Brainstormed ideas may be used as a background to encourage patient to looking additional support. Hormones of oxytocin injected to our system when we collaborate together or aim in the same direction build not just only physical but also chemical incentive. Therefore, twelve steps programs are build on oxytocin future. Action plan should be precise and measurable. We should support customer with selected strategies. The deadlines in action plan may provide necessity of urgency and therefore may be appropriate way for some individuals to set deadline.

Counselling

3 Describe the skills required to establish a working relationship. (AC 2.1)

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Is not passive listening similar to watching TV. Active listening is a process that we react in real-time to receive information and we participate in the story. Active listening is centered on the person and focuses exclusively on them. Understanding what the patient says provides the counselor ability to respond at any given moment especially if the patient needs congruent. It can be done by facing the person maintaining eye contact and mirroring facial expressions. Verbal communication is critical. For example, we can nod to show our understanding it is the best way to not interrupt and politely let the patient know that we understand. We also can use the confirmation phrases as 'OK', 'I see', 'clear' and sound as 'yeah', 'hmmm', 'ohh'.

Counselors need to be excellent communicators therefore should know and demonstrate an appropriate variety of techniques in every setting. Those skills start with active listening. This skill seems to be essential and above all others. People decide to pay other people just for their attention and desire to be heard and understood. Active listening should be corporated with clarifying and asking appropriate questions. Clarifying and asking questions convince the patient that we understand the issue and we can suit into patient skin. This kind of technique can not be theoretically learned rather is built with experience. Appropriate responding to patient stori is very individual and can not be implemented procedurally. The solution associated with interpreting non-verbal communication comes with practice. The pat should be convinced about counselor empathy and positive unconditional regard.

To familiarize with that empathic statement we will strip those methods to the core.

Active listening

Is not passive listening similar to watching TV. Active listening is a process that we react in real-time to receive information and we participate in the story. Active listening is centered on the person and focuses exclusively on them. Understanding what the patient says provides the counselor ability to respond at any given moment especially if the patient needs congruent. It can be done by facing the person maintaining eye contact and mirroring facial expressions. Verbal communication is critical. For example, we can nod to show our understanding it is the best way to not interrupt and politely let the patient know that we understand. We also can use the confirmation phrases as ‘OK’, ‘I see’, ‘clear’ and sound as ‘yeah’, ‘hmmm’, ‘ohh’.

Responding

In this section, we have a chest of a toolbox with universal Keyes to open human psychics. Responding includes; using silence, paraphrasing and summarising, reflecting, validating feelings and

cheerleading.

Using silence

The man says ‘Speech is silver, but silence is golden’ we can not credit those words properly. But those words clearly show how important the moments of silence are. More not always mean better especially in interactions between humans. Appropriate use of osilence can have a significant impact on communication. Silence provides ‘psychological air’ but it may vary. If we detect that silence start to be less comfortable we should manage it with words. Silence provides individuals chance to express their feelings and emotions. Silence provides the space for reflection and evaluation to help to sort out thoughts. Silence may be used as recovery relief from intense feelings or conversation.

Paraphrasing and summarising

Saying what was rise back to the patient in their own words is paraphrasing. It helps to convince the individual that we understand. Moreover, it helps the patient to understand how accurately we follow up. Summarising simply acknowledges what the patient says. We do not judge or offer advice when we paraphrase or summarise. Summarising have also important role thus, it indicates that we are closer to finishing the session. It helps patient to leave the session with feelings of achievement of milestone.

Reflecting and validating feelings

Reflecting is a process where mirror neurons are involved to share experiences with others. Similar facial expressions and body language will mimic how patients feel. Moreover, it will induce a similar state in the counselor. Reflecting is a process of synchronization. It can be done with body language tone of voice and on another dimension of undetectable subtle factors. Reflecting and validating feelings may be also done by using language. Acknowledgment by simply repeating patient words may help to reflect and congruent feelings. In general reflecting help to deeply view and validate feelings and emotions.

Cheerleading

Is a way how we can encourage others to continue talking about actions they have taken. We should cheerlead each time when individual behaviors are helping to move them forward. Positive statements by positive reinforcement may overcome negative behaviors and lead to further achievements.

Closed questions

Are questions where individuals can not add anything else but the information we ask about. Those questions are not useful to counselors thus, do not provide any additional pieces of information. That kind of questions doe not lead to openness thinking or evaluation. Therefore should be avoided in counselor practice.

Open questions

Help to express validate emotion and are essential in counselor practice. Open questions explore the issue deeply and are important to move forward with patients’ issues. Open question reveal where the tipping point of case is and conduct the type and tempo of healing. The question required more than binary answer and therefor help to explore subject multidimensionally. With open question we should avoid using ‘why’ questions with ‘why’ maybe participate as judgmental. The best example of an op question may be ‘Could you tell me how did you feel?